Carburetor



Oct. .23, 1934.

s. w. WHITEHURST CARBURETOR Filed Jun 7. 1932 6- W- WHITE uRaT.

ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 23, 1934 Shepard W.

' CARBURETOR Whitehurst, Fort Worth, Tex.

Application June 7, 1932, Serial No.- 615,873

'7 Claims. (01. zen-49) My. invention relates to carburetors; and moreparticularly to carburetors which have no float valves or chokes, andtheobject is to provide carburetors which are highly efiicient and whichwill I I buretor is provided with fuel ports that will feed at allspeeds of the engine in proportion to the air intake. Another advantageis that the needle valve rises in proportion to the amount ofair passingthrough the air'intake, and throws the causing a perfect mixture of theair and fuel as it is passed to the manifold, first being atomized as itpasses into the casing 1. Another advantage is that the exhaust of thefuel from the carburetor to the intake manifold is forced against theinner walls of the manifold, which assists in the atom- .ization of thefuel. Other objects and advantages will be more particularly pointed outin the claims. j Reference is" had to the accompanyingdrawing whichfor'rns'a part of this application.

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the carburetor connected to the intakemanifold of the engine. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the carburetorparts on an enlarged scale and the control mechlanism therefor. I Fig. 3is a plan view of the same with'the lid and the cup valve removed. Fig.4 is a side elevation of the cup smaller scale.

Fig. 5 is a similar view of the sleeve valve. Similar charactersof'referenceare used for the sameparts throughout the several views."

The carburetor is provided with a casing lhaving a fuel intake passage 2integral therewith, and a nipple 3 adapted to receive a plug 4. Thenipple 3 is integral with the casing 1 and projects downwardly from'thebase of the casing 1, and is provided with a centrally located openingdrilled therethrough and longitudinally within thecasing 1. Theintakepassag'e 2 registers with a shrunk portion or orifice 5 of theplug 4. The opening through the nipple 3 is interiorly threaded toreceive the plug 4 which is threaded and screwed into the nipple 3andforms the adjuster for the needle valve and seat 6. The end of the plug,within the casing 1, is provided with tan enlargedlhead 7, and the plugis'provided with a.v tubular passage 8 therethrough for directing valveon a V the fuelfrom the intake passage. 2 intothe sleeve valve 9 of thecarburetor. The intake passage 2 fuel against the inner walls of thevalve casing registers with the openings 8' by' means of perforations orports 24 in the shrunk portion 5 of the plug. 4.

v The sleeve valve 9 of the carburetor is rotatably mounted in thecasing 1 and provided with elongated annular slots 10 near the bottomthereof which register withsimilar slots 11 in the wall of the casing 1for receiving air in the sleeve valve 9. The valve 9 consists of ahollow cylinder or barrel, the lower portion of which is of greaterdiameter than the upper portion. The larger diameter oflower end of thevalve 9 is adapted to'rotatably fitwithin the inner periphery of'thecasing 1 andbe rotated therein by means of an arm 12' integral therewithand adapted to act as a throttle connection for controlling the amountoiair intake through the passages 11 and 10. This control 12 acts as theaccelerator for the car,- louretor. The valve 9'Iis provided withperforations 13 in the sidewallsabove the enlarged bottom of the valve,for permitting the fuel mixture vtopass into the opening or chamber 14of the casing l, as the cup valve15 is raised by the suction of theengine. V

A cup valve '15 is inverted and telescopically inserted into the sleevevalve 9, so that it may reciprocateltherein by the suction of theengine, or adjustably positioned therein by a throttle connection. Thecup valve 15 is provided with an external annular. shoulder 16 on thetop "cap 17 is perforated with perforationsor ports 18 angularly drilledin the top of'the cap to direct the mixed fuel against the inner sidewall of the intake manifold. The top of the casing 1 is pro:- videdwithbolt connections for securing the carburetor to the'intake manifold.

The cupvalve-15 is provided with a bar 19 and adapted to guide' theneedle valve 20'. The needle valve 20 projects into 'the tubular opening8 in the. plug 4 when in normal position. The valve 20 is suspended inthe cup valve 15 by means of a rod 21 made integral. with-the upper endof the valve 20 and adapted to passthrough an open- Ibo ingrinthe top-ofthe cup-valve 15. A coil spring 22 is interposed between the top of thevalve 15 and the top of the needle valve 20 and adapted to exertpressureagainst the valve 20 so that it will have resilient connection withvalve 15. The bar 19 is tapered. A nut 23 is screwed to the end of therod 21 above the top of the cup valve to limit the downward movement ofthe valve The plug 4 is perforated so that the fuel may pass through theplug 4 into its opening 8, past the needle valve and into the cup valve15 of the carburetor. The openings or ports 24 in the plug 4 are adaptedto effect communication of the opening or orifice 5 of the plug 4, withthe passage 8 of the plug 4. The fuel will pass from the intake passage2, through the orifice 5,,into,

the opening 8, and form a head of fuel inthe opening 8 below the needlevalve 20.

A coil spring is interposed between the top 1 of the cup valve 15 andthe convex cap 17 of the casing 1 so that the carburetor will be heldnormally closed. A safety device is provided on the carburetor, so thatbackfire of the engine willnot injure the valve and its cooperatingparts. The device consists of a threaded, opening 26 in-the side of thecasing ,1, above the perforations 13 of .by means of a coil spring3l"interposecl between the valve 28 and the cap 30 of the valve housing27. When the engine backfires, the pressure from the engine is releasedto the atmosphere by pressing against the valve 28 and its spring 31until the pressure is allowed'to pas's'into the housing 27'and to theatmosphere throu hrperforations 32 in the side walls of the housing 2'7.

Throttle mechanism is provided to control the extent of thereciprocation of the cup valve 15, thus controlling theamount of mixturetothe engine. The mechanism consists of a rod 33 made integral with thecup valve 15 and projected through the base 'of the carburetor'casing 1.A crank '34 is *journaled to the base of the carburetor and adapted tobe actuated by any of the well known means for throttleconnections. Onearm of the cr'ankconnec'tion 34 is provided with an elongated slot 35through which the rod 33 projects. A nut 36 is positioned on the rod 33above the slot 35,"and a lock nut 37 is posi tioned on the rod 33 belowthe slot 35 of the crank 3 1. The distance between the nuts'36 and 37governs the extent of the reciprocation of the cup valve 15 within thecarburetor. The'other arm of the crank connection 34 isjournaled to acontrol rod 38 which leads to the usual throttle connection forcontrolling the amount of mixture to the engine. Movement of the rod38recipro-. cates the cup valve 15 inthe carburetor, and controls the fuelopening between the needle valve 20 and its seat 6. u t

The suction of the engine; will cause the-cup Valve 15 to rise, which inturn raises the needle valve 20, allowing the fuel to be drawn into thecup valve and sleeveyvalve 9 of the carburetor where it ismixed bytheair' passing into the casing 1 through the ports 10; and 11. The,fuel and air are mixed in thecup valve 15 and sucked into the chamber14. of the carburetorsby way of the perforations 13 of the sleeve valve9. The

ports; a cup valve the carburetor by way of the perforations 18 in thecap 17 of the carburetor.

It is apparent that positioning of the throttle rod 38, will be used toattain a drifting speed of the engine, or a pre-determined speed onstationary engines and the like. The minimum and maximum opening of thefuel supply to the carburetor may be governed by the throttle mechanismand the variation of the distance between the nuts 36- and 3''! on therod 33 of the cup valve 15. The rod 38 would only be used to govern theextent of the variation in the engine speeds, but

the accelerations of the engine would be controlled by the control arm12 of the carburetor. The lock nuts 37 may be removed so that theposition of the rod 38 would only control the minimum speed of theengine or the minimum amount of fuel to the engine, which is necessaryon engines carrying loads intermittently that tend to choke the enginedown to stalling speed.

What I claim is l. A c'arburetor having a casing provided with air andfuel intake ports; a sleeve valve rotatably mounted therein and providedwith air intake ports adapted to register with said air intake ports ofsaid casing, a cup valve longitudinally movable in said sleeve valve andforminga'mixing chamber in said carburetor, said ,sleeve valve providedwith openings at different distances from the bottom of said valve,-means for controlling the longitudinal movement of said cup valve, a

needle valve operatively connected with said cup valve, a seat for saidneedle valve provided with a fuel passage therethrough adjustablymounted.in' saidjcasing and provided with lateral fuel intake ports adapted toregister with the fuel intake port of said'casing, and means forelevating said cup valve for opening said openings in said sleeve valve.

"2. In a carburetor having a casing provided with air and fuel intakeports; a sleeve valve rojtatably mounted therein and "provided withintake ports adapted to register with said air intake longitudinallymovable in said sleeve valve and adapted to be ac;-

needle feed valve operatively connected with said cup valve andprovided'with an adjustable seat therefor, said seat provided with alongitudinal fuel passagetherethrough and lateral fuel in- 7 .20 tuatedby the fuel mixture pressure therein, a

,take ports adapted to register with the fuel intake port of saidcasing, openings in said sleeve valve adapted to be opened by thelongitudinal movement of said cup valve, manual means for controllingthe movement of said cup valve, and means for rotating said sleeve valvefor controlling the air supply to said carburetor.

3. In a carburetor of the class described having a casing provided withfuel and air intake ports,

a sleeve valve rotatably mounted in said casing and provided withopenings adapted to' register with said air intake ports, a cup valvelongitudinally movable in said sleeve valve and forming a mixing chamberin said casing, a needle valve operatively connected to said cup valve,azseat for said needle valve provided with afuel passage .therethroughadjustably mounted in said casing and provided with lateral intake portsadapted to register with the. fuel intake port of said casrotating saidsleeve valve for controlling the amount of'air to said mixing chamber,manual ing, openingsin said sleeve valve adapted to be normally closedby said cupvalve, means for mixed fuel is then-conveyed tothe enginefrom means for controlling the longitudinal movement 15g of said cupvalve for permitting the mixture to pass from said mixing chamberthrough the openings in said sleeve valve into the upper portion of saidcasing, and means carried in the upper portion of said casing fordirecting the mixture against the inner periphery of the intake manifoldof an engine.

4. A carburetor having a casing provided with a base and a top therefor,air intake ports in the side of said casing and a fuel intake port inthe base thereof, a rotatable sleeve valve mounted in said sleeve casingand provided with ports adapted to register with said air intake ports,a cup valve resiliently mounted in said sleeve valve and adapted toreciprocate therein, a needle valve operatively carried by said cupvalve, an adjustable seat for said needle valve carried in said base andprovided with a longitudinal opening therethrough, lateral ports in saidseat adapted to permit the fuel to pass from said fuel intake port tosaid longitudinal opening in said seat, openings in the side of saidsleeve valve adapted to permit the mixture to pass from said cup valveinto the upper portion of said casing, perforations in said top adaptedto direct the mixture against the inner walls of the manifold to amotor, manual means operatively connected with said sleeve valve forcontrolling the air supply to said carburetor, and manual meansoperatively connected to said cup valve for limiting the reciprocationof the same within said sleeve valve.

5. In a carburetor of the class described consisting of a casing havingfuel intake ports and air intake ports, a sleeve valve rotatably mountedin said casing and provided with openings adapted to register with saidair intake port, a cup valve resiliently mounted in said sleeve valveand adapted to reciprocate therein, said sleeve valve and said cup valveadapted to form a mixing chamber in the lower portion of said casing,openings in the side of said sleeve valve adapted to permit fuel mixtureto pass from said mixing chamber into the upper portion of said casingand normally closed by the skirt of said cup valve, said cup valveadapted to be actuated by the pressure of the fuel mixture forpermitting the fuel to pass into said mixing chamber from the fuelintake port of said casing, manual means for limiting the reciprocatingmovement of said cup valve, and manual means for controlling the airsupply to said mixing chamber.

6. In a carburetor of the class described consisting of a casing havingair intake ports and a fuel intake port, a sleeve Valve rotatablymounted in said casing and adapted to be manually rotated forcontrolling the airsupply to said carburetor, a cup valve slidablycarried by said sleeve valve and adapted to be reciprocated by thepressure of the fuel mixture therein, a fuel jet adjustably mounted insaid casing, a needle valve for said jet resiliently connected to saidcup valve and adapted to cooperate therewith to control the fuel supplyto said carburetor, manual means for controlling the extent of thereciprocation of said cup valve, and manual means for rotating saidsleeve valve.

'7. In a carburetor having a casing provided with air and fuel intakeports, a sleeve valve carried in said casing and adapted to control theflow of air through said port, a cup valve resiliently mounted in saidsleeve valve, an adjustable valve carried in said casing and adapted toregister with said fuel port, said cup valve and said adjustable valvebeing adapted to cooperate with each other for controlling the fuelsupply to said carburetor, and manual means for actuating said cupvalve.

SHEPARD W. WHITEHURST.

